不同加工工艺对EA4T车轴表面性能的影响
2018-10-19
作者：山荣成1，王睿2，蔡卫星1，王炳倩1，刘鹏涛2
单位：1中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司；2大连交通大学
摘要：对车削加工后的EA4T车轴进行打磨、滚压和超声滚压等工艺的表面强化处理，测量了经过不同工艺处理后车轴圆弧处的表面粗糙度、表面残余应力和表层硬度，对比观察了不同工艺处理后车轴的表面形貌和表层微观组织。结果表明：超声滚压处理的车轴圆弧表面光洁度最好，粗糙度值低至0.074μm；车轴圆弧处车削加工后表面轴向和周向残余应力都为拉应力，经过打磨、滚压和超声滚压处理后都转变为压应力，超声滚压处理后轴向残余压应力达到-770MPa；超声滚压处理车轴的表面硬度值最大，硬化层深度也最深；超声滚压处理后车轴表层微观组织最均匀，且细晶层的厚度最大。
关键词：EA4T车轴钢；加工工艺；超声滚压；表面性能
中图分类号：TG178；TH161文献标志码：A
Influence of Different Processing Technology on Surface Performance
of EA4T Axle
Shan Rongcheng，Wang Rui，Cai Weixing，Wang Bingqian，Liu Pengtao
Abstract:After turning axle EA4T steel circular arc in the grinding，rolling and ultrasonic roller surface strengthening processing is measured by different process of axle circular arc surface roughness，surface residual stress，surface hardness，observed after different axle surface morphology and microstructure.The results show that the surface roughness of the circular arc surface of the ultrasonic rolling pressure is the best，and the roughness value is low to 0.074μm.Axle circular place after turning processing surface axial and circumferential residual stress is tensile stress，polished，rolling and after ultrasonic rolling processing into compressive stress，ultrasonic rolling processing rear axle to the residual compressive stress reached to 770 MPa.The surface hardness of the roller is the largest and the depth of the hardening depth is the deepest.In addition，the surface microstructure of the axle surface is the most uniform after the ultrasonic rolling pressure treatment，and the thickness of the fine crystal layer is the largest.
Keywords:EA4T steel axle；processing technology；ultrasonic rolling pressure；surface performance