金属陶瓷螺旋立铣刀槽型优选及应用研究

2019-08-30

作者：王羽中，尹兵，倪高明单位：株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司

摘要：通过NAK80模具钢的铣削试验，运用全面试验方法研究金属陶瓷螺旋立铣刀螺旋角和径向前角对切削性能的影响，优化了其结构参数，对比研究了涂层和非涂层金属陶瓷立铣刀切削性能、涂层金属陶瓷立铣刀在气冷和水冷条件下切削性能。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线能谱仪（EDS）对主切削刃进行观察，研究了两种刀片的磨损形态及磨损机理。试验结果表明：优选金属陶瓷螺旋立铣刀螺旋角为45°，径向前角为0°；非涂层金属陶瓷螺旋立铣刀不适合加工P类材料，AlTiN涂层金属陶瓷螺旋立铣刀加工P类材料时磨损形式为粘结磨损和化学磨损；气冷有利于减小刀具磨损，延长刀具寿命；水冷有利于提高零件表面质量，表面粗糙度值可稳定在Ra0.05以下，但因热冲击作用，其金属陶瓷基体易出现热裂纹，导致出现刀具微崩和涂层不规则脱落现象。

关键词：金属陶瓷；立铣刀；螺旋；磨损

中图分类号：TG148；TG714；TH162文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-7008.2019.09.014

Study on Groove Selection and Application of Cermet Spiral End Mill

Wang Yuzhong， Yin Bing， Ni Gaoming

Abstract:Through the milling experiments of NAK80 die steel， the influence of helix angle and radial rake angle of cermet spiral end mills on cutting performance is studied by comprehensive experimental method to optimize its structural parameters.The cutting performance is compared between coated and uncoated cermet spiral end mills for study，as well as the cutting performance of coated cermet end mills under air cooling and water coolant conditions is compared and studied also.The main cutting edge is observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive Xray spectrometers (EDS)， and the wear appearance and wear mechanism are analyzed.The results show that optimized spiral angle of cermet spiral end mill should be 45° and radial rake angle should be 0°，the uncoated cermet spiral end mill is not suitable for processing Ptype materials.The wear of cermet spiral end mill with AlTiNcoated contains adhesive wear and chemical wear when machining Ptype materials.In addition，air cooling is conducive to reducing tool wear and increasing tool life，while water cooling is helpful to improving the surface quality of parts，and the surface roughness can be stabilized below Ra 005.However，due to the impact of thermal shock，the cermet matrix is prone to hot crack，which will result in a micro fracture of the tool and irregular shedding of the coating.

Keywords:cermet；end mill；spiral；wear