深孔刀具液力自定心、自导向、自纠偏研究

2018-12-20

作者：于大国1，2，李瑞宣1，2，王志伟1，2 单位：1中北大学；2山西省深孔加工工程技术研究中心

摘要：针对深孔加工刀具系统长径比大、刚度差，易走偏且孔偏难以观察、纠正的问题，提出借鉴动压滑动轴承的工作原理，利用液体的楔效应，使深孔刀具可以自定心、自导向、自纠偏。新原理中设置有楔形体，楔形体与已加工深孔形成楔形油膜，楔形油膜支撑、定位、导向刀具，自动实时纠正深孔刀具的偏斜。新原理与现有深孔刀具具有相容性，可用于对称刀具和非对称刀具。楔形体的存在不影响切削液的供应。采用新的加工方法，所加工深孔的壁厚差减小，深孔其它精度优于现有加工方法，较好地保证了深孔直线度和形状位置精度。

关键词：深孔刀具；流体楔效应；自定心；自导向；自纠偏

中图分类号：TG713; TH161文献标志码：A

Research on Selfcentering，Selfsteering and Selfcorrecting of Deep Hole Cutting Tools

Yu Daguo，Li Ruixuan，Wang Zhiwei

Abstract:In view of the large depth to diameter ratio and poor rigidity of the deep hole drilling system，it is put forward to use the principle of dynamic sliding bearing and the wedge effect of liquid to make the deep hole drilling tool selfcentered，selfguided and selfcorrected.A new deep hole drilling system with a wedge structure was designed，which formed wedge oil films with the deep hole.The wedge oil film can support，locate，guide the tool and correct the deflection of the deep hole drilling tool automatically.The new principle is compatible with the existing deep hole drilling tools and can be used for symmetrical and asymmetric cutting tools.The wedge structure does not affect the supply of the cutting fluid.With the new processing method，the difference the of wall thickness of the deep hole is reduced，the straightness accuracy and the other precision of the deep hole is well met.

Keywords:deep hole drilling; the wedge effect of liquid; selfcentering; selfguiding; selfcorrecting