6061铝合金径向超声振动车削的表面完整性研究
2019-04-23
作者：吴得宝，刘宪福，孟翔宇，张建华
单位：山东大学高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室；山东大学机械工程国家级实验教学示范中心
摘要：为研究径向超声振动参数及切削参数对车削6061铝合金表面残余应力、表面粗糙度以及表面形貌的影响，采用与普通车削进行对比的方法对6061铝合金进行纵向超声振动切削试验。结果表明：与普通车削相比，径向超声振动辅助车削能显著提高零件加工表面的残余压应力；在两种切削方式下，表面残余压应力均随切削速度的增加而增大；在相同切削参数下，随着径向超声振幅的增加，6061铝合金加工表面的残余压应力变大；与普通车削相比，径向超声振动车削使工件表面的粗糙度变大，并且伴随振幅的增加，表面粗糙度呈上升趋势；通过对加工表面的三维形貌进行观测发现，超声振动辅助车削能有效抑制传统车削加工中的积屑瘤和鳞刺等表面缺陷，并显著提高加工表面质量。
关键词：径向超声振动车削；残余应力；表面粗糙度；表面形貌
中图分类号：TG659；TG506.5；TH162文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-7008.2019.04.004
Study on Surface Integrity of 6061 Aluminum Alloy by
Radial Ultrasonic Vibration Turning
Wu Debao，Liu Xianfu，Meng Xiangyu，Zhang Jianhua
Abstract:This paper studies the ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting of aluminum alloy 6061.In order to study the effect of radial ultrasonic vibration and cutting parameters on surface residual stress，surface roughness and surface topography，longitudinal ultrasonic vibration cutting experiments of 6061 aluminum alloy are carried out by comparing with conventional turning.According to the experimental results，compared with traditional turning，the radial ultrasonic vibration can increase the residual compressive stress.Under the two cutting methods，the surface compressive stress increases with the increase of cutting speed.With the same cutting parameters，the residual stress of the machined surface increases with the increase of ultrasonic amplitude.Compared with ordinary turning，radial ultrasonic vibration turning makes the surface roughness of workpiece larger.The surface roughness increases with the increase of amplitude.By observing the threedimensional morphology of the machined surface，the ultrasonic vibration assisted turning can effectively supress the surface defects such as the scraps and scaly spines in the traditional turning process，and improve the quality of the processing surface.
Keywords:radial ultrasonic vibration turning；residual stress；surface roughness；surface topography