基于磁力效应的铁磁性材料无损检测实验装置开发
2020-11-18
作者：辛倩倩1，2，梁西昌1，2，万熠1，2，商显栋3，孙菲菲4
单位：1高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室（山东大学）；2机械工程国家级实验教学示范中心（山东大学）；3山东省特种设备检验研究院；4德尔福柴油系统（烟台）有限公司
摘要：为了实现对铁磁性材料损伤的检测，减少因材料失效造成的经济损失和安全事故，开发了一套基于磁力效应法的铁磁性材料损伤探测实验装置。以铁磁性材料的磁特性变化规律为理论基础，开发了探测装置的硬件和软件部分。硬件由磁化电流源电路、退磁电路、磁传感器和数据采集卡组成，软件为基于LabVIEW的上位机应用程序。磁化电流源为铁磁性材料提供励磁信号，产生的感应电磁信号由磁传感器采集并反馈给数据采集卡，上位机应用程序接收来自数据采集卡的数据，处理后得到铁磁性材料的磁特性参数。采用开发的实验装置，以样块和油罐作为检测对象开展实验研究。结果表明，通过对铁磁性材料磁滞回线的检测，可以获得其磁特性参数，经过分析处理作为判断铁磁性材料损伤的依据，证明了该实验装置的有效性。
关键词：铁磁性材料；无损检测；磁力效应；磁滞回线
中图分类号：TG87；TH741文献标志码：BDOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-7008.2020.11.023
Development of Nondestructive Experimental Device for Ferromagnetic
Materials Based on Magnetomechanical Effect
Xin Qianqian，Liang Xichang，Wan Yi，Shang Xiandong，Sun Feifei
Abstract:In order to detect the damage of ferromagnetic materials and reduce the economic loss and safety accidents caused by material failure，an experimental device for damage detection of ferromagnetic materials based on magnetic effect method is developed.Firstly，the hardware and software of the detection device are developed based on the theory of the changes law of magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials.The hardware is composed of a magnetizing current source circuit，a demagnetizing circuit，magnetic sensors and a data acquisition card.The software is the upper computer application program based on LabVIEW.The magnetizing current source provides the excitation signal for the ferromagnetic material，and the induction electromagnetic signal is collected by the magnetic sensor and fed back to the data acquisition card.The upper computer application program receives the data from the data acquisition card，and the magnetic characteristic parameters of the ferromagnetic material are obtained after processing these data.Then，experimental researches are carried out for the sample block and oil tank by using the developed experimental equipment.The results show that the magnetic characteristic parameters can be obtained by testing the hysteresis loop of ferromagnetic materials，and these parameters，after analysis and processing，can be used as the basis for judging the ferromagnetic material damage，therefore，the effectiveness of the experimental device is proved.
Keywords:ferromagnetic material；nondestructive testing；magnetomechanical effect；hysteresis loop