丝杠磨损对数控机床进给系统摩擦特性的影响研究
2020-11-10
作者：陈文平1，潘捷2
单位：1东方电气集团东方电机有限公司； 2华中科技大学
摘要：摩擦是影响数控机床进给系统传动精度的主要因素之一。丝杠磨损会改变进给系统摩擦，降低其传动精度，影响加工产品质量。本文针对丝杠磨损引起的摩擦特性变化，基于Stribeck摩擦模型对比分析了丝杠未磨损和磨损区域的摩擦曲线。结果表明：丝杠磨损后中低速阶段的摩擦呈现强烈非线性，与Stribeck模型描述不相符；模型相对误差高达13.0%，远高于未磨损区域的3.2%。因此，摩擦特性的变化能反映丝杠磨损状态变化。
关键词：数控机床；滚珠丝杠；磨损；摩擦特性
中图分类号：TG115.5+8；TH117.1文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-7008.2020.10.010
Influence Study of Screw Wear on Friction Characteristics of
CNC Machine Tool Feed System
Chen Wenping，Pan Jie
Abstract:Friction is one of the main factors that affect the transmission accuracy of the CNC machine tool feed system.The friction is changed by screw wear，thus reducing the transmission accuracy of the feed system and leading to the poor quality of products.Aiming at the change of friction characteristics caused by screw wear，the friction curves of the unworn and worn areas of the screw are compared and analyzed based on Stribeck friction model.The results show that the friction at low and medium speeds is nonlinear after screw is worn，which doesn′t match the description of Stribeck model，and the relative error of the model is 13% which is much higher than 3.2% in unworn area.Therefore，the changes of friction characteristics may reflect the changes of screw wear status.
Keywords:CNC machine tool；ball screw；wear；friction characteristics