切削过程应变率对材料塑性变形的影响研究
2021-02-19
安建霖,张克国,王可逸 山东大学(威海) 机电与信息工程学院
摘要:材料塑性变形在不同的应变率加载下服从不同的规律,为正确认识应变率对动态变形的影响,以位错运动分析为基础,推导了不同应变率下材料变形的黏性行为规律,通过霍普金森压缩(SHPB)和金属切削实验,获得了从102/s~105/s及以上应变率范围的塑性变形过程,研究了7075铝合金的应变率效应,总结了3个表征应变率效应的参量并提出相应的计算方法。发现塑性变形过程应变率增大到某临界值(大于104/s且小于1.5×104/s)后,7075铝的塑性变形控制机制将从热激活机制转变为位错阻尼机制,通过分析切削过程切屑的变形程度认为,材料充分变形与软化时间不足是产生应变率效应的主要原因。
关键词:应变率;塑性变形;金属切削;应变率效应;热激活机制
中图分类号:TG 51;TH161+.3文献标志码:ADOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7008.2021.01.002
Research of Effect of Strain Rate on Plastic Deformation of Materials
 in Cutting Process
An Jianlin,Zhang Keguo,Wang Keyi
Abstract:The plastic deformation of materials obeys different laws under different strainrate loading conditions.In order to correctly understand the effect of strain rate on dynamic deformation,based on dislocation motion analysis,the viscous behavior of material deformation under different strain rate is deduced,the plastic deformation process from 102/s-105/s (and above) strainrate range is obtained through Hopkinson compression tests and metal cutting process experiments,the strainrate effect of 7075 aluminum alloy is studied,three parameters characterizing the strainrate effect are summarized,and the corresponding calculation method is proposed.It is found that the plastic deformation control mechanism of 7075 aluminum alloy will change from thermal activation to dislocation damping when the strain rate increases to a certain critical value (greater than 104/s and less than 1.5×104/s),and according to the analysis of chip deformation in the cutting process,it is believed that insufficient time for material to fully deform and insufficient softening time are the main reasons for the strainrate effect.
Keywords:strain rate;plastic deformation;metal cutting;strainrate effect;thermal activation mechanism